Flying-machine



J. KUBISH.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 8. I917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I- WITNESSES INVENTOR 72 72 KLLZTILSQ J. KUBISH.

FLYING MACHINE.

ARPLICATION mm DEC. 8. 1917.

1,3 1 3, 825 Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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J. KUBISH.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 050.8.1917.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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WITNESSES ATTORN EY JOHN KUBISI-I, 0]? INDIAN ORCHARD, MASSACHUSETTS.

FLYING-MACHIN E.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented An". 19, 1919.

Application filed December 8. 1917. Serial No. 206,306.

I '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN Knmsn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indian Orchard, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Flying-Min chines, of which the following is a specifica tion.

This invention relates to flying machines and particularly to the propelling means for aircraft, the object in view being to substitute for the ordinary screw, propeller, a novel form and arrangement of propelling means whereby greater speed is obtainable and increased stability of the craft.

lVith the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts, herein described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan View of a flying machine equipped with the improved propelling mechanism.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal section of the same.

Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking forward.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary section on the line 4- 1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic section through one of the propeller blades, illustrating the action thereof.

Figs. 6 and 7 are details.

Referring to the drawings 1 designates the body or fuselage of the machine, 2 the aerial supporting surface or wings extending laterally from opposite sides of the fuselage, 3 the vertical rudder, 4f the horizontal rudder sections and 5 the stationary planes or fins of the empennage.

In carrying out the present invention, the propeller actuating engine 6 is housed within the fuselage and supported by suitable engine bearers 7 fastened to the longitudinal frame members 8 of the fuselage. The shaft 9 of the engine is extended at both ends beyond the frame of the engine as shown in Fig. 2 and has fast on both ends thereof sprocket wheels 10 and 11. Arranged at opposite sides of the engine shaft and located in about the same horizontal plane therewith are two countercrank shafts 12 having fast thereon at both ends sprocket wheels 13 from which chains 15 extend around. the sprocket wheels 10 and 11 on the engine shaft 9, rotary motion being thus imparted to the countercrank shafts 12.

In the embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, I employ two propeller beams 16 each of which is centrally and pivotally mounted on a short shaft 17 extending in a fore and aft direction within the fuselage and journaled in anti-friction bearings 18 supported by cross frame members 19 of the fuselage. Each beam 16 has a sleeve 20 surrounding the same and to said sleeve is pivotally attached a connecting rod 21 the lower end of which is connected to one of the countercrank shafts 12 as illustrated in Fig. 3. It is preferred to use two connecting rods 21 in connection with each propeller beam so that in case of breakage of one connecting rod, the other connecting rod will continue to opcrate the propeller beam. This increases the factor of safety. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the propeller beams 16 are arranged one in advance of the other and at such a distance apart as to provide ample clearance and enable the propeller blades hereinafter described to operate in different zones of air so that the currents of air agitated by the heating blades will not interfere with each other.

Each of the propeller beams 16 is providcd at both ends with flexible blades 22 composed in the main of any flexible material such as canvas, cloth or fabric of any kind having the necessary tensile strength. At each end, each propeller beam is offset or forwardly deflected as shown at 23 and the extreme end portion thereof is extended rearwardly at an angle to form an obliquely disposed boom 24 to which the flexible body of the blade is fastened, said body being also fastened to the beam. Another boom 25 is fixedly secured to the propeller beam and extends rcarwardly at an angle therefrom and lies between the top and bottom plies or surfaces of the flexible body 22 of the blade as shown in Fig. 4. 26 designates a stretcher bar or blade stretching member which is connected by a pivot 27 to the propeller beam 16 adjacent to the offset 23 therein. Between the boom 25 and the stretcher bar 26, compression springs 28 are interposed, said springs serving to keep the flexible body 22 of the blade taut or stretched so that the beating blade will continue to operate with maxinunn efficiency.

In Fig. 3 the maximmn limits of movement of' the propeller beams and their blades is illustrated by dotted lines and it will also be observed: that when one of the propeller beams is at one limit of its movement, the other propeller beam is at the opposite limit of its movement. In this way a perfect balance is maintained be tween the two propeller beams and their blades. For as the right hand blade of one beam is moving downwardly, the left hand blade of the other propeller beam is also moving downwardly, and vice versa. This adds to the inherent stability of the ma chine and increases the stability as compared with the ordinary rotating propeller which has a tendency to interfere with the equilibrium of the machine by reason of the gyroscopie action. of such propeller;

The action of the propeller blades resembles the ordinary sculling action of an oar and such action is illustrated in the diagrammatic view Fig. 5 wherein the upper and lower limitsvof movement of each blade and the intermediate position thereof' are indicated. As each blade is actuated either in an upward or downward direction, the blade flexes or bulges between the booms 24 and 25 and thereby obtains an effective grip on the body of air in which the blade is operating. The springs 28 yield to admit of this action of the blade and said springs also serve to stretch the body 22 of the blade taut as the movement of said blade is reversed at the upper and lower limits of thestrokes thereof. 7

Each ofthe propeller beams 16 where it passes through the fuselage is preferably square in cross section. The projecting end portions of each propeller beam are preferably of triangular formation in cross section as said shape best lends itself tothe efficient operation of the flexible blades by cleaving the air with less resistance and by allowing the air to flow freely to the top and bottom surfaces of theflexible body of the blades during, the oscillatory movements thereof.

Iclaim:

1:. Inv a flying machine, the combination of a fuselage, and propelling means, said propelling means comprising a propeller beam pivotally mounted for rocking movement centrally of itself, an engine supported by the fuselage, driving connections between said engine and propeller beam for imparting a rocking movement to said beam, flexible propeller blades extending from and carried by the opposite end portions ofsaid propeller beam,means exerting a constant stretching act on on each propeller blade, sald stretching means com- Copies of this patent may be obtained for prising a movablestretching member, and yieldable means acting against said stretching member to hold the blade taut while permitting the same to flex. V

2; In a flying machine, the combination of a fuselage, and propelling means, said propelling means comprising a propeller beam pivotally mounted for rocking movement centrally of itself, an engine sup ported by the fuselage, driving connections between said engine and propeller beam for imparting a rocking. movement to said beam, flexible propeller blades extending from and-carried by. the opposite end portions of said propeller beam, means exerting a constant stretching action on each propeller blade, said stretching means com prising a stretcher bar pivotally attached to the propeller beam, and yieldable means engaging said stretcher bar. to hold the body of' the blade taut.

3. In a flying machine, the combination of a fuselage, and'propelling means, said propelling means rcomprising a propeller beam pivotally mounted for roekingmovement centrally of' itself, an engine sup.

ported by the fuselage, driving connections between said engine and propeller beam for imparting a rocking movement to said beam, flexible propeller blades extending from and carried by the opposite endp'orc tions of said propeller beam, each blade comprising an immovable boom, a yieldable stretching member," and yieldable means acting against said stretching member to hold the flexible bodyof the blade taut.

4:. In a flying machine, the combination having the body of the blade attached thereto, a'movable stretching member extending from the propeller beam and having the flexible blade body attached thereto, another immovable boom extending from the propeller beam and lying, in contact with the body of the blade, and yieldable meansv interposed between the last named boom and said stretching member and seruing to hold thebody of' the blade taut.

In testimony whereofI aflix mysignature.

JOHN KUBISH.

five cents each, by addressingthe'"Commissioner of I atents. Washington. D. C. 

